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PROSTATE TROUBLE
The prostate is small gland under the urinary bladder. Almost all men get increase in size of the prostate with age. The prostate gland surrounds the urethra, the tube through which the bladder pushes out urine. Enlargement of the prostate, called BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA ( BPH), causes repeated powerful urge to urinate. Later on weakening of the urine stream and dribbling of urine can happen. In severe cases, patients cannot pass urine at all. A urinary Catheter to get the urine out may be necessary.
Oral medicines improve many patients. In other cases, physical removal of part of the prostate surgically ( TURP) is required. This surgery is relatively safe, but can cause problems with sexual function, damage to the urethra, urinary incontinence with leaking of urine etc. A better way to shrink the prostate is PROSTATIC ARTERY EMBOLISATION ( PAE). This involves a 2 mm hole in the wrist or groin, from which a tube ( catheter) is passed into the blood supply of the prostate, blocking it from the inside. PAE makes the prostate shrink and the symptoms go away. This procedure is low risk and patients who are at high risk for surgery can safely undergo this procedure.
PAE is a day care procedure, no admission is necessary. After the procedure, there may be some pain, usually easily handled with tablets. Blood in the urine may be seen for a few days. PAE is a very good option for many patients suffering from prostate trouble.
The blue star shows a normal prostate gland lying below the urinary bladder on a MRI image. The prostate surrounds the urinary tube (urethra) .
Ultrasound showing the prostate ( With yellow measurement lines) and the urinary bladder above it in two different views. Enlargement of prostate can be diagnosed on a simple ultrasound.
VARICOCOELE:
Varicocoeles are dilated veins around the testes, similar to varicose veins in the legs . They can cause dragging pain in many young persons. The temperature rise that happens because of varicocoeles can lead to infertility because of reduced sperm count.
Fortunately the treatment is easy with endovascular techniques. Through a pinhole in the neck or the groin, the leaking vein causing the Problem is blocked from the inside, and the patient does not need admission or painful surgery. The treatment improved spermatic count in more than 80% of treated patients..
Angiogram showing a varicocoele with reflux
The abnormal vein being blocked
Coils in the vein showing up as spiral structures
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